San Marino

San Marino claims to be the oldest republic in the world, with a history of independence dating back to 301 A.D. It's certainly the smallest country you're likely to visit; the total area is just 61 sq. km.

Some three million tourists visit San Marino every year, getting of the tour buses to jam the streets of the old town while shopping for postage stamps and other souvenirs. In contrast, the resident population is less than 5,000 in the capital and 25,000 for the country as a whole.

San Marino's three fortresses are worth a visit. The castles are located along the cliffs of Monte Titano, where they offer panoramic views of the local countryside, the Italian resort of Rimini, and the Adriatic coast. A museum of antique weapons occupies one of the fortresses; you'll find more museums in the old town.

Special events are another draw. The San Marino Grand Prix brings Formula 1 car racers and fans to nearby Imola in late April. During July, the capital celebrates Medieval Days with a week's worth of processions, crossbow competitions, historic games, nightly feasts, and other activities.